Ranger

I was looking for a tidy way to navigate directories in a bash shell, so that I could speed up my work a bit. I'm familiar with `cd` command and Tab key completion of names, but sometimes my mind goes blank, so having a visible list of directories to choose from would be way better for me. Actually, listing the current directory contents with `ls` and using the cursor keys and Enter to navigate would have simplified things for me, if that had been possible. But then my search brought me across Roman Zimbelmann's impressive python project, Ranger - the terminal based file browser.

Ranger, in fullscreen, showing directories	the content of a text file shown in the pager	an image file displayed inline	EXIF data displayed for an image file
media info shown for a video file	media info shown for an audio file	content shown for an archive	version control aware for github repo

Install

download ranger (zip file) from Ranger git
unpack, and run `sudo make install'

or clone from git for latest version (need git installed)

mkdir ~/Downloads/ranger-git && cd ~/Downloads/ranger-git git clone https://github.com/hut/ranger.git  

If Ranger crashes with a python error about misuse of Tab indentation in multiple files, try downloading a previous release from Github (ranger/releases), just unzip enter the ranger dir and run ./ranger.py, and if it runs then install it with sudo make install


optional installs for Ranger:

sudo apt install w3m w3m-img less xsel xvkbd atool mediainfo jhead ffmpegthumbnailer trash-cli  

w3m and w3m-image are responsible for in-line preview of images (only with rxvt, urxvt and xterm)

To release media drives that could be caught in a process such as w3mimgdisplay, then you will need to use Ctrl-C before ejecting.


After installing, copy the config files from /usr/local/lib so that you can make modifications

ranger --copy-config=all  

Note, the config files may be incompatible with new versions of ranger. Run 'man ranger' for details


Ranger is installed to /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ranger so on new installs you could copy, say, only the scope.sh and rc.conf files over, which are always being upgraded - backup your old ones first and then do a meld compare with the latest versions.

Check out the ranger Wiki to see how to update ranger.

What you can do is copy your original config files, install a newer ranger, run the above command and compare new and old contig files with meld

Arch Wiki page


To get started, three commands needed..

ranger	launches ranger from the current dir in shell (I make a bash alias rr)
S	in Ranger, drops to a shell at current dir (from where Ctrl-D or `exit' returns to Ranger)
q	quits Ranger

Features

And that's just the basics! There are endless possibilities with Ranger because it incorporates the bash shell.

Get my key mapping sheet!

Default key-bindings

navigation

arrows	traverse in/out of dir's, move up/down lists
j, {n} j	move up 10 lines (default, I change it to 4), or move up 10 lines {n} times
k, {n} k	move down 10 lines, or move down 10 lines {n} times
g {letter}	quick go to (system level dir's) - gR go to ranger dir
g n	new tab made at home
Ctrl-n	new tab opened at current dir
tab, shift-tab	switch tab
q	quit tab or ranger if only one tab
u q	restore closed tab
[ or {n}[	move up 1 dir in same parent, or move up n parent dir's
] or {n}]	move down 1 dir in same parent, or move down n parent dir's
H	move back 1 dir in history (I make this Alt-left)
L	move forward 1 dir in history (I make this Alt-right)
m {x}	bookmark the dir x (any letter/digit)
`{x} or '{x}	go to dir bookmarked x
``	go to previous dir = effectively you can use `` to go back and forth between two locations
pg up, pg dn, home, end	move down/up file list
d c	update cumulative dir size
d u	show dir content summary
J	escape Ranger from reading a heavy dir/file

sorting

o t	sort by type first
o s	sort by size first
o a /o c /o m	sort by time
o n	sort natural
o {T/S/A/C/M}	sort in reverse order
o r	reverse the sort order

file actions

/, f	enter file name to navigate (f can't do this with my keybinds as I make use of it)
n	search newest file in dir, or next after search with /, f
N	previous file after search
c..	set the next search order
o..	set the sort order
i	focus a highlighted file with less (but only able to see part of file) i to toggle focus, E to edit in nano
y y	copy
y a	copy add to buffer (can copy-paste files from multiple directories this way)
y r	copy remove from buffer
y G	copy all files from selected to bottom of list
y gg	copy all files from selected to top of list
d d	cut (da, dr also to cut from multiple directories, dG, dgg also)
p p	paste
p P	paste (add to queue)
p o	paste with over-write
p O	paste with over-write (add to queue)
u d	clears copy/cut buffer, also uy (I change this to uu as it seems faster)
c w	rename/bulk rename
I	edit name, cursor at front (I change it to i, and make Alt-i view in pager)
A	edit name, cursor at end
a	edit name, cursor inside extension
E	edit file with bash editor (I change this to fe - there is F4 as well - see how to set nano as editor below)
insert	touch (create new file) (I add ft)
delete	deletes file (no confirm for single files by default -can change in conf.rc)
r	open file with program on rifle list
r 1	unpacks selected archive (need to install atool) -actually hits the 1st option with rifle (you can just type 1 Enter)
11,12,13,14 Enter	(on image file) set image as desktop background with feh (11=scale, 12=tile, 13-center, 14=fill)
+ / -	chmod commands
{octal no} =	change permissions, e.g. 744 =, set permissions to -rwxr--r--

marking

Space	mark
v	invert selection
V, uV	marks/unmarks files as cursor moves, until escape pressed, or yanked etc (I change this to b)
u v	unmark all files
t	tag toggle
u t	remove all tags
T	remove any tags of selected files
"{x}	custom tag
M..	linemode select (I change this to Alt-m)

operation

Ctrl-R	reload
Ctrl-h, z h	toggle hidden files (I add to this F2)
Ctrl-c	cancel an operation
Ctrl-s	freeze ranger! Ctrl-c to continue
:flat 1	puts all files of sub-dir's (1 level deep) in the main column
z	toggle settings
:, ;	open console to enter commands
s, !, @, #	open shell console
1?	display all key bindings alphabetically
2?	Ranger commands usage
3?	Ranger settings
?, F1	man page, key bindings or settings
W	message log
w	job queue

Macros used in console and shell

%f	the highlighted file
%d	the path of the current directory
%s	the selected files in the current directory. (defaults to highlighted file if none selected)
%t	all tagged files in the current directory
%c	the full paths of the currently copied/cut files
%p	the full paths of the selected files

Flags used with open_with and shell commands

(type r for open_with, or s, !, @ for shell. open_with flags must be plain with no dash -)

-f	runs process in background - useful for an encoding/mogrify job as ranger will still be usable while the process completes
-c	runs on current file, not selected
-r	runs with super user privileges
-t	will show the process in a new terminal window (opens xterm)

Flags used with only the shell command

-p	sends the process to the pager - which is closed with q, or canceled before with Ctrl-C
-s	silent mode - the output is discarded
-w	bash waits at the end of the process so that you can read the output and then press enter

typing '@-rf geany' will open a file with sudo (writes `shell -rf geany %s` to console)

Check the rc.conf file

My keybindings

Updated Aug 2018

keybinds I changed from the default..

Note: with Ranger 1.7 key mapping with Alt is (almost) fixed, e.g. <a-r>, which opens up a huge area for new keys! Still can't use <a-[> or <a-bracketleft> or <c-1>

map <a-down> move down=4 #replaced k map <a-up> move up=4 #replaced j map h history_go -1 #replaced H map l history_go 1 #replaced L copymap h <a-left> #enable Alt-left copymap l <a-right> #enable Alt-right map <a-m>f linemode filename map <a-m>i linemode fileinfo map <a-m>p linemode permissions map <a-m>t linemode metatitle map / console search%space map \] console find%space map \[ console travel%space map \\ console mark%space map | console filter%space alias filter scout -iprt alias find scout -aet alias mark scout -mr alias unmark scout -Mr alias search scout -rts alias travel scout -aefikst map fe edit map du shell -p du -ch -d 1 | sort -rh #note also my ,df displays file and dir count map dz shell -p du -ch -d 1 | sort -k 2b #change i to edit file name at first char, set Alt-i to open file in pager instead of i map <a-i> display_file map i eval fm.open_console('rename ' + fm.thisfile.basename, position=7) map uu uncut map <C-n> tab_new %d copymap gn <a-t> copymap ct <a-c> map <F5> reset #refresh screen - easier than ctrl-r map <DELETE> shell -s trash-put %s (need trash-cli -see below)  

then all those I added..

Alt-m metadata f files O open files y/d/p yanking P super user X/x delete dot-number config files '; cd config dir's ,k backup ,l symlinks ,d directories ,a archives ,i iso ,s source files

F feh fi image files fim mogrify E exiftool fa audio files fv video files fG GPS Babel conversion ,n nfs J Github ,z bashburn G gpg encryption R batch renaming

moving around

################## My keyinds ###################### map Vm set viewmode miller map Vt set viewmode multipane map <a-PAGEDOWN> move down=0.5 pages=True map <a-PAGEUP> move up=0.5 pages=True #move up/down parent dir by 5 or 20, this is v useful for navigation map { move_parent n=-5 map } move_parent n=5 map <F9> move_parent n=-10 map <F10> move_parent n=10 #doesn't work if less than 10 dir's of same parent copymap ct <a-c> #search next tag map ga cd /etc/apt map M chain tab_new; cd /media #note, this over-rides ranger default for metadata modeline select, which I make Alt-m map <F12> flat #ie {n}F12 show files of sub-dir's, n levels deep, all in main column - be careful it can be expensive to show them all! map <F2> toggle_option show_hidden copymap S <a-s> #open Shell with Alt-s ######### Set the keyboard ########## map %1 shell setxkbmap us -variant colemak map %2 shell setxkbmap us map %3 shell -r nano /etc/default/keyboard ######### Set screen brightness level ########## map #1 shell xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness 1.0 map #5 shell xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness 0.5 map #8 shell xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness 0.8 map #9 shell xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness 0.9  

map Alt-m for metadata

##### Meta data ########## map f<a-m> console -p11 meta title%space %%s #add meta title to sel'd files map <a-f> linemode filename #linemode: filename (normal) map <a-t> linemode metatitle #linemode: titles  

map f for files

##### files ########## map fl less %f #view file with less. q to quit (ranger i doesn't show full file) map fm console mkdir%space # create dir map ft console touch%space # create file map f+ shell -s chmod +x %s #make a file executable map f- shell -s chmod -x %s map f= console shell -s chmod 664 %%s #chmod operations - or type 664= map fr console rename%space map fb bulkrename %s map fC console -p16 shell cat %%s > 1 #concatenate text files map fpy shell -f pyrenamer %d #GUI renamer, or another, `Thunar -B %d' map fg console -p22 shell -p grep -nT -r ?* %%s #grep (search) pattern in files or highl'd dir map f? console -p22 shell perl -pi -e 's/?/@/g' %%s #replace string in files map fc shell -f meld %s #compare two files in meld map fpdf console -p88 shell -ft gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -q -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress-sOutputFile=?.pdf %%s #join selected pdf files together using ghost script -change ? map ff console -p25 shell -p find . -name "*?*" -type f -print #find files and print paths to pager map f\ shell -f catfish --path=%d #find files with catfish map fx shell -f regexxer %d #run string replace tool map f1 console -p49 shell -s for file in %%s ;do cp "$file" "$file"_1 ;done #duplicate selected files adding _1 map f2 console shell -s sh ~/scripts/duplicate %%s #duplicate selected files infix _1 map f3 console shell -s rename-with-selected %f %s #rename highlighted file with selected file's name map fW1 console shell > %f #wipe a file with 0 bytes map fW2 console shell -f for file in %%s; do > "$file" ;done  

f2 script, duplicates file, puts suffix inside the file extension:

#!/bin/bash for f in $@; do cp "$f" "${f/\.*/_1\.${f##*.}}" ;done # (can change _1 to date-time etc)  

"f3" script, to rename the highlighted file with the selected file's name, keeping original extension

#!/bin/bash mv $1 "${2%.*}.${1##*.}"  

map O to open files

##### open file ########## map Op shell -f geany %f #open with geany map Og shell -f geany %s #open with geany map Ow shell -f libreoffice4.4 %s #will open any open doc format file, or other compatible, with libre office (change version) map On shell -f rxvt -e nano %f #open file forked in nano map Ol shell -f rxvt -e less %f #open forked to view with less map Ot shell -f rxvt -cd %d #open current dir in new terminal  

map y,d,p for yank, cut and paste commands

##### yanking ########## map y2 shell -s cp %s "`yad --title="Copy To" --file --directory --height=400 --width=500`" map d2 shell -s mv %s "`yad --title="Move To" --file --directory --height=400 --width=500`" map ys chain save_copy_buffer; shell less ~/.config/ranger/copy_buffer #saves copy buffer to file and then shows the file in pager map yb chain save_copy_buffer; shell less ~/.config/ranger/copy_buffer | xsel --clipboard #copy buffer to clipbd map yp shell echo -n %d/%f | xsel --clipboard #copy filename and path map yn shell echo -n %s | xsel --clipboard #copy filenames map yd shell echo -n %d | xsel --clipboard #copy directory name map pc shell -f rsync -ru %s %d/%f/ #copy the selected files into highlighted dir map pm shell -f mv -u %s %d/%f #move the selected files into highlighted dir map pds shell -f rsync -rul %c %d/%f/ #copy buff'd into dir map pdm shell -f mv -u %c %d/%f #move buff'd into dir map ps shell -f rsync -rul %c %d #sync buffer'd files into curr dir :links as links map pr shell -f rsync -ruL %c %d #sync buffer'd files into curr dir :inc link-referred files map ytt shell -f rsync -rul %s %D #sync sel'd into dir on next tab :links as links map yff shell -f rsync -rul %S %d #sync sel'd from dir on next tab :links as links map ytr shell -f rsync -ruL %s %D #sync sel'd into dir on next tab :inc link-referred files map yfr shell -f rsync -ruL %S %d #sync sel'd from dir on next tab :inc link-referred files map dtt shell -f mv %s %D #move sel'd into dir on next tab map dff shell -f mv %S %d #move sel'd from dir on next tab map p\x shell mkdir moved; mv -t moved `xsel -b -o` #remove files via list on clipbd (collected with yn) map p\c shell mkdir copied; cp -t copied `xsel -b -o` #copy files via list (yn)  

map P for commands with super user privelege

##### Super-user ########## map Pm console shell -r mkdir%space map Pt console shell -r touch%space map Pn console shell -r nano map Pe shell -r nano %f #edit file with nano map Pp shell -f gksu geany %f #open with geany map Pr console shell -r mv %f%space #(type new name after) rename file map P+ shell -rs chmod +x %f #make a file executable map Pw console shell -r chown -R $USER:$USER %%s #change ownership of sel'd files map Ps shell -r rsync -arult %c %d #sync buffered to dir map Pyt shell -r rsync -arult %s %D #sync selected to next tab  

map X for delete commands

##### delete ########## map <DELETE> shell -s trash-put %s #integrated trash (recycler) - see below how to set up. map <a-DELETE> shell -cs trash-put %f #delete the current file only - not all the selected ones!! map <S-DELETE> console delete map X console delete #hit enter before deleting map xX shell rm -f %f #delete highlighted file not the selected files! map PX console shell -r rm %%s #delete files with super-user priveleges map xX1 console shell -tf shred -uv %%d/%%s #shred files map xX2 console -p26 shell -ft find . -depth -name "*." -execdir shred -uv {} \; #shred all files recursively -with name map xX3 console shell -ft find . -depth -type f -execdir shred -uv {} \; #shred all ~*any*~ files recursively map xx1 cd ~/.local/share/Trash/files map xx2 cd /media/FILES/.Trash-1000/files map xx3 cd /media/VIDEO/.Trash-1000/files  

map dot for finding config files

####### Edit config files ########## map .1 shell -f geany ~/.config/ranger/rc.conf map .2 shell -fr rxvt -e nano /etc/apt/sources.list map .3 shell -fr rxvt -e nano /etc/fstab map .4 shell -f geany ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml map .5 shell -f geany ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml map .6 shell nano ~/.config/openbox/autostart  

map '; for cd to config dir's

##### cd to config dir's ########## map ';x cd ~/.xnviewmp map ';l cd ~/.local/share map ';u1 cd ~/.config/uzbl map ';u2 cd ~/.local/share/uzbl map ';o cd ~/.config/openbox map ';r cd ~/.config/ranger map ';s cd ~/QuickLink/Settings map ';ac cd ~/QuickLink/applications-config map ';au cd ~/QuickLink/applications-usr  

map comma-k for backup commands/scripts

##### backup ########## map ,k1 shell -s cp ~/.config/ranger/* ~/Settings/ranger/ #backup the ranger config dir map ,k2 shell -s sh ~/scripts/backup-config-files map ,kp shell -s sh ~/scripts/backup %s map ,k9 shell -s gksu sh ~/scripts/backup-sys-files  

script for ,kp (as Ranger chokes on the date-time macros thinking they are its own)

#!/bin/bash for f in $@ ;do cp "$f" /dir/backups/"$f"_$(date +"%y%m%d") ;done  

(the k2 and k9 scripts are simple rsync commands - see my config migrate page)

map comma-l for symlink commands

##### symlinks ########## map ,ll shell ln -s %d/%f ~/Links/ #make a symlink to selected dir/file in ~/Links map ,ld shell ln -s %d/%f ~/Desktop/ #make a symlink to selected dir/file in ~/Desktop (i.e a desktop shortcut) map ,lL shell -s ln -s "`yad --title="Make a Symlink To" --file --height=400 --width=500`" %d #make a symlink in current dir map ,lr shell -s ln -fsT "`yad --title="Re-link To" --file --height=400 --width=500`" %f #change the target of a symlink  

map comma-d for directory commands

##### directory ########## map ,ds shell -w rsync -a --update --progress %d/%f/* "`yad --title='Sync the selected directory with...' --file --height=400 --width=500 --directory`" #sync contents of current dir with another dir, shows progress map ,dc shell -s find . -type d -exec mkdir -p -- ../tree_clone/{} \; #clone the dir tree of current dir down -creates empty dir's in new dir 1 level up map ,do shell -rs chown -R $USER %f #change ownership of dir to user (recursively) map ,dx console shell -f find . -type d -maxdepth 1 -empty -delete #remove empty directories in current dir #count files and folders at current dir, recursively map ,df shell echo -e \.\.\.\.`find . -type d -printf x | wc -c` folders \.\.\.\. `find . -type f -printf x |wc -c` files \.\.\.\.`du -chs --apparent-size` |less  

map comma-a for archive commands

##### archive ########## map ,a1 console shell zip -r ?.zip %%s #make zip archive from selected files, replace ? with archive name map ,a2 console shell -f 7z a -t7z ?.7z %%s #make 7z archive from selected map ,a3 console shell -f tar cvpf ?.tar %%s #make tar archive from selected map ,a4 console shell -f tar cvzpf ?.tgz %%s #make tar zip archive from selected  

map comma-i for iso/dvd commands

##### iso/dvd ########## map ,i1 chain shell gksu 'mount -o loop -t iso9660 %f /mnt/mounted'; cd /mnt/mounted #mount iso - mkdir /mnt/mounted first!! map ,i2 shell -s gksu umount /mnt/mounted #unmount the mounted iso map ,i3 shell -ft growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd1=%f #burn iso to dvd (`dvd1' etc is usb dvd writer, `dvd' is internal) map ,xx console shell -s mkfs -t vfat /dev/sdX #format a usb stick (repair it), change X map ,cdc console shell -ft gksu cdrdao copy #copy audio cd, see my page cd copy map ,cdej console shell -s eject /dev/sr0 #eject laptop CDROM copymap ,cdej ,cd<F8>  

map comma-s for source file commands (though dropping to shell might be more advisable)

##### source archives ########## map ,s1 console shell -ft ./configure map ,s2 shell -ft make map ,s3 shell -pw sudo make install  

map F for feh image viewer commands

##### feh commands ########## map Fs shell ls | xarg ;feh -dFZ -D4 -Sfilename #start feh slideshow in dir of images, escape to quit map Fc shell feh -dFZ -D4 -Sfilename --start-at %f * #start slideshow from current file map Fr shell feh -rdFZ -D4 -Sfilename %f #start slideshow from selected dir -recursive ### Openbox! To set the desktop bg image and copy to autostart, use this: ### (this method builds a collection - it copies the pic to a folder "~/wallpapers"... then the 'sed' command replaces a line in the autostart file, to look up the image you chose at startup -my line is no.7) ### You could just do '11,12,13, or 14, Enter' in Ranger to set feh bg and add a line in autostart: sh ~/.fehbg & (this will not make a collection of wallpapers) map Fb chain shell -f feh --bg-scale %f; shell cp %f ~/wallpapers; sed -i '7s/.*/feh --bg-scale ~\/wallpapers\/%f \&/' ~/.config/openbox/autostart  

map fi for image file commands

##### image files ########## map fiv shell xnview %f #edit image with XnViewMP map fig shell gimp %f #edit image with Gimp map fii shell inkscape %f #edit image with inkscape map fid shell darktable %f #edit image with darktable  

map fim for mogrify commands

##### mogrify commands ########## map fim1 shell -f mkdir "../${PWD##*/}_a"; mogrify -path "../${PWD##*/}_a" -resize '1200x1200>' -quality 90 *.jpg *.JPG #reduce jpegs in current dir and place new images in dir_a 1 level up map fim2 console shell -f mkdir "../${PWD##*/}_a"; mogrify -path "../${PWD##*/}_a" -resize '1200x1200>' -quality 85 *.jpg *.JPG map fim3 console shell -f mogrify -resize '1200x1200>' -quality 90 *{.jpg|.JPG} #reduce jpegs in current dir, OVERWRITE files, 1200pix, 90% map fim4 console shell -f find . -type f -iname "*.jpg" -print0 | xargs -0 mogrify -resize '1024x1024>' -quality 84 {} \; #reduce jpegs RECURSIVELY, start from current dir, OVERWRITE files, 1024pix, 84% map fim5 shell -f mogrify -format jpg -quality 100 *.png #convert png to jpeg -progress will be noted by green temp file moving down list map fimr1 console -p27 shell -f mogrify -rotate -90 %s%s map fimr2 console -p27 shell -f mogrify -rotate 90 %s%s map fim6 shell -f sh ~/scripts/image-resize.sh %f #see image processing page for these 2 scripts map fim7 shell -f sh ~/scripts/image-convert.sh %f map fixx shell -f jhead -di %s #remove iptc keywords from selected images  

map E for exiftool and jhead commands

##### exiftool commands ########## ### To adjust EXIF date use - or +, then yy:mm:dd, e.g. +=:04:05 0 to add on 4 months and 5 days and no time change; or -=0 03:20:15 to subtract 3 hrs, 20min, 15sec and no date change map Ed1 console chain shell -p exiftool -m -overwrite_original -alldates-+=':: 0' %%s map Ed2 console shell jhead -ds:: %%s #yyyy:mm:dd or yyyy:mm or yyyy / use -dt to set date-time i.e. -dtyyyy:mm:dd-hh:mm:ss (no space after -ds or -dt) map Ed3 console shell exiftool -overwrite_original "-filemodifydate>alldates" %%s #this creates exif dates on files that have no EXIF data (e.g. stills cut from video) ###add keywords or rating: map Es shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:subject+="`yad --entry --button='Write keywords':0 --undecorated --width=400 --height=50`" %s map Er console shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:rating=2 %%s map Eb1 shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=red %s #add color label map Eb2 shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=yellow %s map Eb3 shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=green %s map Eb4 shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=blue %s map Eb5 shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=purple %s ###add comment (updated: will write nothing [exit 0] if Esc or cancel clicked, using script) map Ec shell -f exif-comment %f ###remove keywords and rating: map Ex1 console shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:subject= %%s #remove keywords map Ex2 console shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:rating= %%s #remove rating map Ex2 console shell -f exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label= %%s #remove label ###subject/rating/label from list of file names on the clipboard map Els console shell -f xsel -b -o | xargs exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:subject+="`yad --entry --button='Write keywords':0 --undecorated --width=400 --height=50`" map Elr console shell -f xsel -b -o | xargs exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:rating=2 map Elb console shell -f xsel -b -o | xargs exiftool -m -overwrite_original -xmp:label=`yad --list --undecorated --width=100 --height=200 --column red yellow green blue purple --separator=''` #sort image files into folders by date (this is a very handy tool to use after an import of files from SD card) map Ef console shell -fs sh ~/scripts/exif-sort #sort files into folders by modified date -replace * for $@ to hit only selected files map fD console shell -fs sh ~/scripts/sort-files  

script for Ec, "exif-comment"

#!/bin/bash comment_text=$(exiftool -b -comment $@) COMMENT=$(yad --form --on-top --center --text='Enter comment' --field=:TXT "$comment_text" --wrap \ --undecorated --width=400 --height=200 --separator= --borders=10 \ --button='Write':0 --button=gtk-cancel:1 ) case $? in 252) exit 0 ;; 1) exit 0 ;; 0) exiftool -m -overwrite_original -comment="$COMMENT" $@ ;; esac #------- the double quotes around $comment_text [for --entry-text=] are VERY important, to insert a comment with spaces. Note, single quotes don't work.  

script for Ef, "exif-sort"

#!/bin/bash exiftool -r "-directory<datetimeoriginal" -d "%y-%m-%d" *.{jpg,JPG}  

script for fD, "sort-files" (a very useful one to have when you've imported 400 clips from a video camera etc - no EXIF data)

#!/bin/bash for i in *; do DAT=$(date -r $i +%y-%m-%d); mkdir -p $DAT; mv $i $DAT ; done  

map fv for video file commands

##### video files ########## map fvm shell -f mpv %s map fvv shell -f vlc %s copymap fvm f<F2> ##### ffmpeg commands ########## map fvf1 console shell -ft ffmpeg -i %f -vn -acodec libvorbis -ac 2 -ab 256k -ar 44100 %f.ogg #extract audio from video (ogg) map fvf2 console shell -ft ffmpeg -i %f -vn -ar 44100 -c:a 2 -q:a 0 -f mp3 %f.mp3 # (mp3) map fvf3 console shell -f ffmpeg -i %f -target pal-dvd out.vob map fvf4 console shell -ft flac-ogg %%s #convert flac to ogg map fvf5 console shell -ft flac-mp3 %%s #convert flac to mp3  

scripts tor ffmpeg conversion of flac to ogg/mp3 - but see audio file commands for oggenc
"flac-ogg"

#!/bin/bash for a in *.flac; do < /dev/null ffmpeg -i "$a" -c:a libvorbis -q:a 7 "${a%.*}.ogg" done  

"flac-mp3"

#!/bin/bash for a in *.flac; do < /dev/null ffmpeg -i "$a" -q:a 0 "${a%.*}.mp3" done  

map fa for audio edit commands

##### audio files ########## map fae shell -f easytag %d map faa shell -f audacity %s map fa1 shell -ft oggenc %s -q 7 #convert flac or other raw format to ogg map fa2 console shell -ft find . -type f -name "*flac" -exec oggenc -q 7 {} \; #convert all flac to ogg map fa3 shell -ft ogg2mp3 -B 256 --vbr-new -V 0 *.ogg %s #convert ogg to mp3 (how horrible) need vorbis-tools  

map fG for GPS Babel conversion

##### GPS Babel conversion ########## #### gpx to Garmin tab delimited map fG1 shell -s for fi in %s; do gpsbabel -w -i gpx -f "$fi" -x track,fix=pps -o garmin_txt -F "$fi".tab ;done  

map comma-m and comma-u for mounting/unmouning drives

##### mounting/unmounting drives with mount/pmount ########## map <F1>0 console -p22 shell -r mount /dev/sd %f map <F1>m console shell -s pmount /dev/sdb1 #use pmount to mount devices if sys does not auto-mount #use pmount for removable drives not listed in fstab (F1 replaces help key bind!) map <F1>b1 shell -s pmount /dev/sdb1 map <F1>b2 shell -s pmount /dev/sdb2 map <F1>b3 shell -s pmount /dev/sdb3 map <F1>b4 shell -s pmount /dev/sdb4 map <F1>c1 shell -s pmount /dev/sdc1 map <F1>c2 shell -s pmount /dev/sdc2 map <F1>c3 shell -s pmount /dev/sdc3 map <F1>c4 shell -s pmount /dev/sdc4 map <F1>d1 shell -s pmount /dev/sdd1 map <F1>d2 shell -s pmount /dev/sdd2 map <F1>d3 shell -s pmount /dev/sdd3 map <F1>d4 shell -s pmount /dev/sdd4 map <F1>e1 shell -s pmount /dev/sde1 map <F1>e2 shell -s pmount /dev/sde2 map <F1>e3 shell -s pmount /dev/sde3 map <F1>e4 shell -s pmount /dev/sde4 map <F1>f1 shell -s pmount /dev/sdf1 map <F1>f2 shell -s pmount /dev/sdf2 map <F1>f3 shell -s pmount /dev/sdf3 map <F1>f4 shell -s pmount /dev/sdf4 map <F1>g1 shell -s pmount /dev/sdg1 map <F1>g2 shell -s pmount /dev/sdg2 map <F1>g3 shell -s pmount /dev/sdg3 map <F1>g4 shell -s pmount /dev/sdg4 map <F1>s shell -s pmount /dev/mmcblk0p1 #mount SD card map ,uu shell -s pumount %f map ,u1 shell -r umount %f map ,u2 console shell -r umount -l %f #lazy umount -if busy map ej shell -s eject %s #eject selected external volumes (safely remove) copymap ej <F8> map <F1><f1> shell -pw lsblk #list partitions +mounts map <F1><f2> shell -pw df -h #list partitions with disk usage map <F1><f3> shell -pwr blkid #list partitions with UUID map <F1><f4> shell -pwr fdisk -l #list partitions +details  

There's a pmount plugin written by vifon which uses Alt-m {x} {n} to mount, but my pumount %f has got to be faster for unmounting

map comma-n for mounting nfs

##### nfs ########## map ,nr shell -ftr /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart map ,nm shell -r mount 10.0.0.1:/ ~/Shared map ,n1 console shell -r mount 10.0.0.1:/home/? ~/Shared map ,n2 shell -r mount 10.0.0.1:/media/D1 ~/Shared map ,n3 shell -r mount 10.0.0.1:/media/D2 ~/Shared map ,nu shell -r umount %f  

map J for Jekyll and Github commands

##### Github-jekyll ########## map Js shell -ft jekyll serve --watch --baseurl map Jc console shell -ft git commit -a -m "updating pages" map Ja console chain shell -ft git add . ; shell git commit -a -m "updating pages" map Jf console shell -ft git add %%s map Jp chain shell git config --global credential.helper cache; shell -ft git push map J1 shell -p git status map J2 shell -p git log --name-only  

map comma-z for bashburn commands

##### bashburn & abcde ########## map ,z1 shell ln -s %p ~/Projects/bashburn/burn/ #make a symlink to selected dirs/files in bashburn dir map ,z2 cd ~/Projects/bashburn/burn #cd to the bashburn work dir (I changed it from /tmp/burn) map ,z3 console shell -r sh ~/scripts/bashburn-links ? #move links in bashburn temp to a session dir (replace ? with a dir name) map ,zX console shell rm -r ~/Projects/bashburn/burn/* #delete contents from bashburn temp map ,z4 shell -r cp %s ~/Projects/bashburn/burn/ #add links from a session to bashburn tmp dir map ,zb shell -ft bashburn map ,za shell -ft abcde map ,zA1 shell cp ~/.abcde/conf-ogg ~/.abcde.conf map ,zA2 shell cp ~/.abcde/conf-mp3 ~/.abcde.conf  

script for ,z3 "bashburn-links"

#!/bin/bash mkdir -p ~/Projects/bashburn/"$1" sudo mv ~/Projects/bashburn/burn/* ~/Projects/bashburn/"$1"/ # (1st in bashburn, change temp dir to your project dir)  

map G for GPG encryption commands

##### encrypt ########## #if not encrypting to default recipient (set in gpg config file) must add -r name or email map Ge shell -ft gpg2 -es %f map Gd shell -ft gpg2 -d %f map Gce shell -ft xsel -b -o | gpg2 -es | xsel --clipboard map Gcd shell -ft xsel -b -o | gpg2 -d | xsel --clipboard  

map R for file renaming commands

Rr: replace, Rs: find spaces, Ru: change case, Rp: prepend, Ra: append, Re: exif date, Rn: numbering, Rc: cut

Here's my complete Ranger renaming tool that just might take care of all your needs for naming files!

You might want to have these printed on a sheet because some commands are too long and a #comment will not be seen. You should also run some tests on dummy files - don't assume that they all work perfectly!!!

################################### ##### batch renaming ########## #replacing map Rr1 console -p20 shell -fs rename 's/?/@/g' %%s #replace string - ?=old @=new, \ looks in extension ie 's/\?/\@/', mode: file-?ame.ext > file-@ame.ext map Rr2 console -p54 shell find . -depth -name "* *" -execdir prename -n 'y/?/@/' {} + #replace recurs - ?=old @=new map Rs1 console shell -fs rename 's/ /_/g' %s # replace spaces with _ in selected file names map Rs2 console shell -fs find . -depth -name "* *" -execdir rename 's/ /_/g' "{}" \; # replace spaces with _ recursively from current location map Ru1 shell rename 'y/a-z/A-Z/' %s #change lower case letters to upper case map Ru2 shell rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' %s #change upper case letters to lower case #prepending map Rp1 console -p22 shell -fs rename 's/^/P/' %%s #Prepend to file names -change P, mode: file-name.ext > Pfile-name.ext map Rp2 console -p58 shell -fs i=1; for file in %%s; do mv "$file" $(printf "%0.3d$file" $i); i=$((i+1)); done #prepend numbering: i=1 start from, 3d =digits, +1 =step, mode: file-name1.ext > 001file-name1.ext, file-name2.ext > 002file-name2.ext #appending map Ra1 console -p27 shell -fs rename 's/\.(.*)/A.$1/' %%s #Append to file names inside the ext -change A, mode: file-name.ext > file-nameA.ext map Ra2 console -p22 shell -fs rename 's/$/A/' %%s #Append to file names without ext, or after ext -change A, mode: file-name > file-nameA map Ra3 shell -fs sh ~/scripts/append-date #append modified date to all file names in dir (script below), mode: file-name.ext > file-name_130825-1520.ext map Ra4 shell -fs sh ~/scripts/append-number %s #append numbering to selected files (only with ext) (script below), mode: file-name.ext > file-name_001.ext, file-name_002.ext #inserting map Ri1 console -p53 shell -fs for file in %%s ; do mv "$file" "${file:0:n}?${file:n}" ; done #insert string: n=at character (set both n's), ?=string map Rir shell -fs rename 's/IMG//' %s; for file in %s ; do mv "$file" "${file:0:8}-${file:8}" ; done #exif date map Re1 shell -fs sh ~/scripts/exif-date-prepend #Prepend exif date to file name - need exiftool, mode: file-name.ext > 120806-1134_file-name.ext map Re2 shell -fs ~/scripts/exif-date-append #Append exif date to file names inside ext, mode: file-name.ext > file-name_120806-1134.ext map Re3 shell -fs sh ~/scripts/exifdate-name %s #Rename files from exif date, mode: DSC_4322.JPG > 150812-163544.JPG #sequential numbering map Rn console -p55 shell -fs i=1; for file in %%s; do mv "$file" $(printf "N_%0.3d.${file##*.}" $i); i=$((i+1)); done #sequential numbering: i=1 =start from, 3d =digits, +1 =step, N =name, mode: file-name.ext > new-name_000.ext, new-name_001.ext # WARNING: if numbering digits are not correct (e.g. only 1 digit for 12 files) some files will be LOST (overwritten with others)! #cutting characters map Rc1 console -p61 shell -fs for file in %%s; do mv "$file" "`echo $file | cut -c2-`"; done #cut until char 2 of selected file names (ie cut one char only) -change 2, mode: file-name.ext > ile-name.ext map Rc2 console -p87 shell -fs for file in *; do mv "$file" "$(echo $file | sed -e 's/\(.*\)[0-9a-zA-Z]\{2\}\.\([^.]*\)/\1.\2/')"; done #cut any characters from back of selected file names -change {2, mode: file-name.ext > file-na.ext  

script for append file modified date (Ra3)

#!/bin/bash for file in $@; do mv "$file" "${file%.*}_$( date -r "$file" +%y%m%d-%H%M ).${file##*.}"; done  

note the use of the parameter $@ which will hit all the files passed to bash script, not all the files in dir


script for image date prepend (Re1)

#!/bin/bash exiftool '-filename<${DateTimeOriginal}_%f.%e' -d %y%m%d-%H%M $@  

script for image date append (Re2)

#!/bin/bash exiftool '-filename<%f_${DateTimeOriginal}.%e' -d %y%m%d-%H%M $@  

script for append numbering (Ra4)

#!/bin/bash i=1; for file in $@; do mv "$file" $(printf "${file%.*}_%0.3d.${file##*.}" $i); i=$((i+1)); done  

i=1 start from, 3d =digits, +1 =step

script for renaming images with date-time (Re3)

#!/bin/bash exiftool '-filename<${DateTimeOriginal}.%e' -d %y%m%d-%H%M%S $@  

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One problem is, however, with so many key-bindings, is the lack of sort-by-key in the command visual. They are sorted alphabetically by command, and so finding the one you want........ I split the renaming up so as to not fill up R with a huge mix up of commands.

Notes on mapping keys

Useful native commands

search_inc

map / console search_inc (space after)

which searches as you type, but no filtering like scout

scout

map / console scout -ilt (space after)

hit / and type pattern, searches as you type, missing letters out, can correct your search until right file is selected

scout options as listed in commands.py:

-a	automatically open a file on unambiguous match
-e	open file on hitting Enter
-f	reduces file list to scout hits, (same as filter command does)
-g	interpret pattern as a glob pattern
-i	ignore case
-k	keep the console open when changing a directory with the command
-l	letter skipping; e.g. allow "rdme" to match the file "readme"
-m	mark the matching files on hitting Enter
-M	unmark the matching files on hitting enter
-p	permanent filter on hitting Enter (unmatched files stay hidden)
-s	smart case: lower case hits all, uppercase hits only uppercase
-t	searches as you type
-v	inverts the match

ready-made Ranger aliases for the `scout` command

alias filter	scout -iprt
alias find	scout -aet
alias mark	scout -mr
alias unmark	scout -Mr
alias search	scout -rts
alias travel	scout -aefikst

filter

map | console filter%space

followed by any string, filters file names, including extensions, case-sensitive

travel

map \[ travel%space

pretty much does `scout -efklt ` which will navigate into the dir filtered by typing part of a dir name, when Enter is pressed, and the console is kept open to allow you to search for the next dir to enter

enter_bookmark

map <a-a> enter_bookmark a

will map Alt-a to go to bookmark a (same as using the ' with its list of bookmarks but more permanent)

find tagged files

map f" shell -p less ~/.config/ranger/tagged

set nano as editor

add this line to the end of your ~/.bashrc file

export EDITOR=nano  

Adjusting rifle

To change how different files types are opened (or the numbered choices when you hit 'r') you need to look in Ranger's rifle.conf file

Open images in feh, fullscreen, slideshow with progress to next, change the line to this,

mime ^image, has feh, X, flag f = feh -dFZ --start-at "$(basename "$1")" *  

Change how audio files open, in a new terminal window

mime ^audio, has mplayer, X, flag f = urxvt -e mplayer -fs -- "$@"  

Opening office docs, set the version you are using, e.g.

ext od[dfgpst]|docx?|sxc|xlsx?|xlt|xlw|gnm|gnumeric, has libreoffice4.4, X, flag f = libreoffice4.4 "$@"  

In-line preview of images

To have images showing in the pager at right of file list, first install w3m w3m-img then enable image preview "set preview_images true" in conf.rc

To show image preview for videos, you must first install ffmpegthumbnailer and you need to uncomment the two lines starting "###video/*)" in scope.sh (and make sure you copy the Ranger 1.7 scope file to ranger config dir)

This only works with rxvt, rxvt-unicode, and xterm terminals - so I advise switching to URxvt. See my Rxvt-unicode page

Refine the info displayed for image files

To refine the info shown in pager for image files (because otherwise there's way too much info there and it runs off the screen and you don't want to hit `i` every time you need a useful exif data), add this line to scope.sh in ~/.config/ranger, for image mimetype:

Note, this is the newer version, for the 2016-12 Ranger git master

exiftool -f -filename -filesize -datetimeoriginal -modifydate -imagesize -aperture -shutterspeed -iso -focallength -model -lensid -shuttercount -subject -hierarchicalsubject -comment -rating -label -GPSposition -GPSaltitude "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/: -//;s/ ://;s/GP S/GPS /;s/Above Sea Level/asl/;'; exit 5 exit 1;;  

Refine the info displayed for video/audio files

I have mediainfo commands that can go in scope.sh file as well, and if you want to add more tags to the commands, you need to run

mediainfo --info-parameters >mediainfo-tags  

to put all the available tags into a file - and read that file to see what you can use - test them with:

mediainfo --inform="group;%tag%" file

mediainfo commands will print any extra characters placed outside the `%tag%` in the output, so I add some to denote tabs (>) and line breaks (^) and pipe the output to sed which converts them to real tab spaces and line breaks before sending to pager, so that the info that mediainfo returns from a file will be displayed nicely.. now that's clever :^)

Note, this is the newer version again..

video/*) mediainfo --inform="General;General^---------------------------------------------- ^File Name>>>%FileName%.%FileExtension% ^Date Modified>>%File_Modified_Date_Local% ^File Size>>>%FileSize/String% ^Format>>>>%Format% ^Encoder>>>>%Encoded_Application%" "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/\^/\n/g;s/>/\t/g'; mediainfo --inform="Video;^Video^---------------------------------------------- ^Encoding>>>%Encoded_Library% ^Standard>>>%Standard% ^Avrg BitRate>>%BitRate/String% ^Max BitRate>>>%BitRate_Maximum/String% ^Width>>>>%Width% ^Height>>>>%Height% ^Aspect Ratio>>%DisplayAspectRatio%/%DisplayAspectRatio/String% ^Pixel Ratio>>>%PixelAspectRatio% ^Frame Rate>>>%FrameRate/String% ^Frame Count>>>%FrameCount% ^Duration>>>%Duration/String3%" "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/\^/\n/g;s/>/\t/g'; mediainfo --inform="Audio;^Audio^---------------------------------------------- ^Format>>>>%Format% ^Muxing>>>>%MuxingMode% ^BitRate>>>>%BitRate/String% ^Maximum BitRate>>%BitRate_Maximum/String% ^Channel(s)>>>%Channel(s)% ^Sample Rate>>>%SamplingRate/String% ^Duration>>>%Duration/String3%" "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/\^/\n/g;s/>/\t/g'; exit 5 exit 1;; audio/*) mediainfo --inform="General;General^---------------------------------------------- ^File Name>>>%FileName%.%FileExtension% ^Date Modified>>%File_Modified_Date_Local% ^File Size>>>%FileSize/String% ^Album>>>>%Album% ^Track Name>>>%Track% ^Track No.>>>%Track/Position%/%Track/Position_Total% ^Artist>>>>%Performer% ^Genre>>>>%Genre% ^Encoder>>>>%Encoded_Library%" "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/\^/\n/g;s/>/\t/g'; mediainfo --inform="Audio;^Audio^---------------------------------------------- ^Format>>>>%Format% ^Profile>>>>%Format_Profile% ^Mode>>>>%Format_Settings_Mode% ^BitRate>>>>%BitRate/String% ^Channel(s)>>>%Channel(s)% ^Sample Rate>>>%SamplingRate/String% ^Compression>>>%Compression_Mode% ^Duration>>>%Duration/String3%" "${FILE_PATH}" | sed 's/\^/\n/g;s/>/\t/g'; exit 5 exit 1;; esac  

(this all goes inside the mimetype "case" section, between lines "case" and "esac")

Note that "File_Modified_Date_Local" shows the date in local time, but "File_Modified_Date" shows it in UTC (GMT).


If certain file extensions don't show any info (eg ogg previously with ranger 1.6), you need to add a new case section:

case "$extension" in ogg) mediainfo --inform="General;General................. ................................ esac  

then you hit 'zi' (`set preview_images!` as of 2016-12, or my zx key) to switch from preview to details - though you need to refresh the dir with Ctrl-r :(

Integrate system trash with bash

download the zipped file from git (on the right of page) https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli

unzip it, enter the dir and run

sudo python setup.py install  

trash-cli commands

trash-put	trashes files and directories
trash-empty	empty the trashcan(s). use flag --shred to wipe it
trash-list	list trashed file
restore-trash	restore a trashed file (trashed from the current dir)
trash-rm	remove individual files from trash can
trash-empty 7	empties files trashed more than 7 days ago

with ranger, map the delete key - map shell -s trash-put %s
works a charm!

bookmark ~/.local/share/Trash/files to easily retrieve files

or you could map keys to the trash places for each disk partition, use `shell cd`

then to restore a file, select and yank with yy, then hit h (I change history key to lower case h from H) to return to the dir you just deleted the file, and pp to drop the file back and restore it there.

UI enhancements!

1. Remove "user@host" from the title bar

• in ranger type `g R`
• navigate to gui/widgets/ and highlight titlebar.py
• type exactly: `@ gksu geany`
• or if you have geany/editor mapped to a key, e.g. my `shell -f gksu geany %s` is mapped to Ps
• in the file comment these lines (#), then save and quit/restart ranger

#bar.add(self.fm.username, 'hostname', clr, fixed=True) #bar.add('@', 'hostname', clr, fixed=True) #bar.add(self.fm.hostname, 'hostname', clr, fixed=True) #bar.add(':', 'hostname', clr, fixed=True)  

2. Adjust colour of title bar (dir path)

• rsync -r /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ranger/colorschemes
~/.config/ranger/
• or in ranger type `gR`, `yy` on colorschemes and `pp` in ~/.config/ranger/
• edit the color scheme default (backup first)
• under "context.titlebar"

elif context.directory: fg = cyanx elif context.file: fg = black elif context.tab: if context.good: bg = blue  

indent must be exact
change white in tab??

Mounting and browsing an android device

1. using SSH and the phone's wifi hotspot

• get "SSHFS Droid" app
• in the app settings: unselect require wifi, change p/w
• start the ssh server with the app, and run the wifi hotspot
• connect to the android hotspot on the linux box
• make a directory to mount the device on with, e.g.
sudo mkdir /mnt/j1  
• enable allow_other in /etc/fuse.conf
• mount the android device with the command (noting the ip address that SSHFS Droid gives after linux box connects to the hotspot - in my case 192.168.43.1:2222) - this will vary every time if mobile data is turned on! (so turn it off)
sudo sshfs -d root@192.168.43.1:/storage /mnt/phone -p2222 -o allow_other  
• now the device will be mounted at /mnt/phone, with /storage (i.e. SDcard, extSDcard) at top level
• normal sshfs unmount is with
sudo fusermount -u /mnt/phone  
• But Ctrl-C in the active sshfs window works to unmount ok.

Ranger mapping:

map ,ssj1 shell -str sshfs -d root@192.168.43.1:/storage /mnt/j1 -p2222 -o allow_other map ,ssju shell -r sudo fusermount -u /mnt/j1  

2. using mtp connection via usb cable

• install mtp
  sudo apt install mtp-tools go-mtpfs  
• make a dir in user home for a mount point
• then connect the phone via usb and set file transfer to mtp
• run `go-mtpfs ~/mount-point-dir`
• unmount the device with `fusermount -u ~/mount-point-dir`
  

The following commands are used for checking the android's connection, and may not be necessary for connecting, but if the device will not mount, try detecting it first:

mtp-detect mtp-connect  

Ranger mapping:

map ,td shell -st mtp-detect map ,tc shell -st mtp-connect map ,tg shell -f go-mtpfs %f # highlight the mount-point dir map ,tu shell -f fusermount -u %f  

Got there! Now go ahead and enjoy some real file management!

Next page:

Firewall - setting the network traffic firewall using iptables